GSM Mini Article - 4th Edition - Vitamin D

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that has properties of botha vitamin and a hormone. It is required for the absorption and utilization of calcium and phosphorus. It is necessary for growth, and is especially important for the normal growth and development of bones and teeth in children. It protects against muscle weakness and is involved in regulation of the heartbeat. It is also important in the prevention and treatment of breast and colon cancer, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and hypocalcaemia. Vitamin D can also enhance immunity and is necessary for thyroid function and normal blood clotting.

A severe deficiency of Vitamin D can cause rickets in children and osteomalacia, a similar disorder, in adults. Lesser degrees of deficiency may be characterized by loss of apetite, a burning sensation in the mouth or throat, diarrhea, insomnia, visual problems, and weight loss. In a study reported in the New England Journal of Medicine, there are indications that Vitamin D deficiency is much more widespread than previously thought, especially in older adults. In a group of people of whom few had risk factors for vitamin D deficiency, 57% were found to have blown-normal levels of Vitamin D.